Sarcoidosis

Sarcoidosis is a rare inflammatory condition in which the immune system forms clusters of cells—called granulomas—in various organs, most commonly the lungs and lymph nodes. Over time, this inflammation can interfere with normal organ function and lead to permanent scarring of the lungs.

In the United States, sarcoidosis affects an estimated 150,000–200,000 people, with approximately 27,000 new cases diagnosed each year.

At Texas IPS, we provide comprehensive, multidisciplinary care for patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis and related complications. Because the disease can affect multiple organs and present with a wide range of symptoms, from cough and shortness of breath to fatigue and systemic inflammation, accurate diagnosis and individualized treatment are essential.

Sarcoidosis affects the lungs in more than 90% of patients, making pulmonary evaluation central to diagnosis and management.

Getting from symptom to diagnosis

At Texas IPS, our diagnostic pathway includes:

• High-resolution CT (HRCT) to assess lung involvement and staging
• Pulmonary function testing to evaluate impact on breathing
• Laboratory testing to assess inflammation and rule out other causes
• Bronchoscopy with biopsy or cryobiopsy for tissue diagnosis when needed
• Multidisciplinary case review with pulmonology, radiology, and pathology

A personalized approach to treatment

Sarcoidosis can range from mild and self-limited to chronic and progressive. While some patients require only monitoring, others benefit from targeted therapy to control inflammation and prevent organ damage. Some may need additional referral to rheumatology, cardiology, dermatology, ophthalmology and possible nephrology depending on the affected organ.

Treatment strategies may include:

• Corticosteroids to reduce inflammation and control symptoms
• Immunosuppressive therapies for more severe or persistent disease like methotrexate or mycophenolate
• Anti-fibrotic medication if more advanced lung scarring (interstitial lung disease, ILD)  is present
• Breathing treatments like a hand held inhaler or nebulized inhalers
• Pulmonary rehabilitation to improve endurance and reduce breathlessness
• Oxygen therapy for patients with advanced lung involvement
• Long-term monitoring to detect progression or multi-organ involvement

Sarcoidosis is a complex disease, but with the right expertise, it can be managed effectively. At Texas IPS, our goal is to provide clarity in diagnosis, precision in treatment, and ongoing support, helping patients maintain lung function, reduce symptoms, and live fully.